Overworked, underslept and feeling the pressure?
There are plenty of ways to find calm, without investing in a four-hand
spa massage. All you need is a pair of lungs, your breath and 10 minutes
or less.
Don’t wait until fight or flight kicks in before minding your
breath. Controlled breathing not only keeps the mind and body
functioning at their best, it can also lower blood pressure, promote feelings of calm and relaxation and help us de-stress.
While the effects of breathing techniques on anxiety haven’t yet been
studied at length (at least not in a controlled clinical setting), many
experts encourage using the breath as a means of increasing awareness, mindfulness
or, for the yogis among us, finding that elusive state of Zen. To get
to the bottom of the breath work, Greatist spoke to breathing expert Dr. Alison McConnell, yoga instructor Rebecca Pacheco and psychologist Dr. Ellen Langer. But follow closely: breathing easy isn’t quite as easy as it sounds.
From the confines of a bed, a desk or anyplace where negativity finds
its way, consider these six breathing techniques to help keep calm and
carry on.
1. Sama Vritti or “Equal Breathing”:-
How it’s done: Balance can do a body good, beginning with the breath.
To start, inhale for a count of four, then exhale for a count of four —
all through the nose, which adds a natural resistance to the breath.
Got the
basic pranayama down? More advanced yogis can aim for six to eight counts per breath
with the same goal in mind: calm the nervous system, increase focus and
reduce stress, Pacheco says.
When it works best: Anytime, anyplace — but this is
one technique that’s especially effective before bed. “Similar to
counting sheep,” Pacheco says, “if you’re having trouble falling asleep,
this breath can help take your mind off the racing thoughts, or
whatever might be distracting you from sleep.”
Level of difficulty: Beginner
2. Abdominal Breathing Technique:-
How it’s done: With one hand on the chest and the
other on the belly, take a deep breath in through the nose
, ensuring the diaphragm (not the chest) inflates with enough air to create a stretch
in the lungs. The goal: Six to 10 deep, slow breaths per minute for 10
minutes each day to experience immediate reductions to heart rate and
blood pressure, McConnell says. Keep at it for six to eight weeks, and
those benefits might stick around even longer.
When it works best: Before an exam, or any stressful
event. But keep in mind, “Those who operate in a stressed state all the
time might be a little shocked how hard it is to control the breath,”
Pacheco says. To help train the breath, consider biofeedback tools such
as McConnell’s Breathe Strong app, which can help users pace their breathing wherever they are.
Level of difficulty: Beginner
3. Nadi Shodhana or “Alternate Nostril Breathing”:-
How it’s done: A yogi’s best friend, this breath is said to bring calm and balance, and unite the right and left sides of the brain.
Starting in a comfortable meditative pose, hold the right thumb over
the right nostril and inhale deeply through the left nostril. At the
peak of inhalation, close off the left nostril with the
ring finger,
then exhale through the right nostril. Continue the pattern, inhaling
through the right nostril, closing it off with the right thumb and
exhaling through the left nostril.
When it works best: Crunch time, or whenever it’s time to focus or energize. Just don’t try this one before bed: Nadi shodhana is said to “clear the channels” and make people feel more awake. “It’s almost like a cup of coffee,” Pacheco says.
Level of difficulty: Intermediate
4. Kapalabhati or “Skull Shining Breath”:-
How it’s done: Ready to brighten up your day from the inside out? This one begins with a long, slow inhale,
followed by a quick, powerful exhale generated from the lower belly.
Once comfortable with the contraction, up the pace to one inhale-exhale
(all through the nose) every one to two seconds, for a total of 10
breaths.
When it works best: When it’s time to wake up, warm
up or start looking on the brighter side of things. “It’s pretty
abdominal-intensive,” Pacheco says, “but it will warm up the body, shake
off stale energy and wake up the brain.” If alternate nostril breathing
is like coffee, consider this a shot of espresso, she says.
Level of difficulty: Advanced
5. Progressive Relaxation:-
How it’s done: To nix tension from head to toe, close the eyes and focus on tensing and relaxing
each muscle group for two to three seconds each. Start with the feet
and toes, then move up to the knees, thighs, rear, chest, arms, hands,
neck, jaw and eyes — all while maintaining deep, slow breaths. Having
trouble staying on track? Anxiety and panic specialist Dr. Patricia Farrell suggests we breathe in through the nose, hold for a count of five while the muscles tense, then breathe out through the mouth on release.
When it works best: At home, at a desk or even on
the road. One word of caution: Dizziness is never the goal. If holding
the breath ever feels uncomfortable, tone it down to just a few seconds
at most.
Level of difficulty: Beginner
6. Guided Visualization:-
How it’s done: Head straight for that “happy place,” no questions asked. With a coach, therapist or helpful recording as your guide, breathe deeply while focusing on pleasant, positive images
to replace any negative thoughts. Psychologist Dr. Ellen Langer
explains that while it’s just one means of achieving mindfulness,
“Guided visualization helps puts you in the place you want to be, rather
than letting your mind go to the internal dialogue that is stressful.”